Endocrine Abstracts

Background: In 2019, the International CAH Registry (I-CAH) performed a benchmarking exercise of acute adrenal insufficiency related adverse events including adrenal crises (AC) and sick day episodes (SDE).Methods: In 2022, I-CAH data on children aged <18 years at first visit with 21-hydroxylase deficiency CAH from 35 centres in 19 countries were analysed to examine the current occurrence of SDE and AC and compared t...

Objective: High dose growth hormone (rhGH) regimens (2 to 4 mg/day) have been shown to increase circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I to supra-physiological levels in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (CART). This setting may improve immunologic output. However, a high plasma IGF-I concentration has detrimental effects on glucose metabolism, which hampers the use of high dose rhGH regimens.Me...

Animal and observational studies suggest that the IGF axis is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke; moreover, endogenous IGF-I could influence the evolution of ischemic stroke in humans and thereby contribute to an improved clinical and functional outcome. To assess and correlate the IGF-I axis with biochemical parameters in young patients experiencing ischemic stroke (32 aged 15–45 years,19F, BMI: 25.5±3.4 kg/m2), we evaluated IGF-I, IGFBP-3, A...

During pregnancy of healthy women, a great increase of serum little prolactin occurs. In has been also reported that a significant amount of serum big big prolactin (termed macroprolactinemia) may be detected in about 4% of healthy pregnant women. Because the occurrence of macroprolactinemia during pregnancy of women with prolactin-producing pituitary microadenomas has not been extensively investigated, we determined both little and big big prolactin in serum of 97 women with ...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the implications of TRACP-5b (bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase izoform-5b), BAP (bone alkaline phophatase) BGP (bone Gla protein) and E2(estradiol) in bone remodelling process, in osteoporotic postmenopausal women.Material and method: The study comprised two groups of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (with different degrees of estrogenic deprivation): group I (n=48, estrogenic deprivation &#60...

Hyponatraemia (serum Na+<135 mmol/l) is common. It is associated with increased mortality and morbidity across a range of clinical contexts. Despite this, it remains an area in which there is diverse practice. There are centre and speciality-specific approaches to diagnosis and management that reflect both the apparent absence of a clear evidence-base and differences in perceived clinical priorities.This presentation will focus on a number of key the...

Attenuation of the adrenocortical response to ACTH in septic shock is a well recognised phenomenon, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The evidence points towards factors in septic serum that dampen the adrenocortical responsiveness. The aim of this work is to investigate the cellular function of adrenocortical cells in septic shock and to determine the components within serum that could influence their function. Septic rat serum was collected from ma...

Annexin A1 (AnxA1) acts as a mediator of glucocorticoid (GC) actions in neuroendocrine systems. In the anterior pituitary Anx-1 is expressed mainly by folliculostellate (FS) cells and mediates the early-delayed feedback inhibition exerted by GCs on release of ACTH and other pituitary hormones. GC cause the externalization of AnxA1. The stress responsiveness of the female rat hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal system varies with the estrous cycle, with increased CORT release in resp...

Visfatin, a novel adipocytokine preferentially expressed in omental (Om) adipose tissue (AT), has been shown to exert insulin-mimetic effects in mice and humans. Recent studies in Asian populations show elevated serum visfatin levels in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), suggesting a potential role for visfatin in the pathogenesis of this disease. Whilst central adiposity is closely related to IR and T2DM, the role of AT in the development of these conditions remai...

Endogenous as well as exogenous androgens and oestrogen have neuroprotective properties. Oestrogen is formed locally in neural tissue from precursor androgens. In the brain, the expression of aromatase, the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of androgens to oestrogen, is restricted, under normal circumstances, to specific neuronal populations involved in neuroendocrine control and in the modulation of reproductive or sexually dimorphic behaviours. However, the expression of ...